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Question: What is Polar Coordinates ?

Answer:

The position of a point P in a plane can be described by giving its distance r from a fixed point O, called the pole, and the angle θ of OP from a fixed direction. The coordinates of P are given as (r,θ) and known as polar coordinates.

When the position of a ship or an aircraft is given relative to its base by using its distance from base and its bearing from the base, then polar coordinates are being used.